What is ostium in uterus?

The ostium in uterus, also known as the internal os, is the opening found at the lower end of the cervix. It is the narrowest and smallest opening in the reproductive tract of a female. The function of the ostium is to allow the passage of sperm from the vagina into the uterus and to allow the menstrual fluids to leave the uterus and flow out through the cervix and vagina.

The size and shape of the ostium can vary during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. During pregnancy, the ostium usually closes due to the formation of the mucus plug which prevents infections from affecting the developing fetus.

Changes in the size and shape of the ostium are also important in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions such as cervical incompetence, which can lead to preterm labor and miscarriage. In some cases, treatment may include cervical cerclage, which involves stitching the cervix closed to prevent dilation.

Overall, the ostium in uterus is an important structure that plays a crucial role in female reproductive health and fertility.